Jenna saw four doctors in fourteen months. A cardiologist, an endocrinologist, her primary care physician, and eventually a gastroenterologist she had to fight her insurance to see.
Heart: normal. Thyroid: normal. Bloodwork: normal.
"Every single one of them was looking at a different piece of me. Nobody was looking at the whole picture," she says.
Here's what none of them checked first: her stomach, for a bacterial infection most people have never heard of and don't know they're carrying.
It's called Helicobacter pylori, H. pylori for short, and according to a pooled analysis of over 400,000 people across 73 countries, it lives in roughly 44% of the world's population. Most of them will never know it.
That's not the surprising part. This is: a 2024 systematic review found that close to 1 in 3 people infected with H. pylori go on to develop anxiety symptoms, including panic attacks, racing heart, and a persistent sense of dread. Not because they're anxious people. Because of what the bacteria does to their gut.
Standard anxiety workups check your heart. Sometimes your thyroid. They almost never check your stomach for a bacterial infection, because on paper, gut bacteria and panic attacks don't look related.
They are.